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Glossary |
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ACUMINATE:
Gradually tapering to an elongated point
ALTERNATE: Of leaves, arranged successively up the stem or branch, neither OPPOSITE, nor in WHORLS ANNUAL: A plant which completes its life-cycle within one year ANTHER: The part of the flower on the STAMEN which produces POLLEN APICULATE: Ending in a sharp point APPRESSED: Lying along the surface ARIL: A fleshy appendage or coating of a seed AXIL: Angle between leaf stalk and stem BERRY: Fleshy fruit, usually containing many seeds BIPINNATE: A leaf which has PINNATE divisions BRACT: A leaf, or modified leaf which bears a flower in its axil BRACTEOLES: Small bracts CAMPANULATE: Shaped like a bell CAPSULE: A dry fruit which consists of more than one CARPEL and splits to release its seeds CARPEL: The female reproductive organ of a flower, consisting of an ovary, a stigma and sometimes a style CATKIN: A hanging spike of small, usually rather insignificant flowers CHIMAERA: A plant formed from the tissues of 2 different forms or species, usually originating at the point where one form has been grafted onto the other, and showing parts of each parent, a graft-hybrid CILIATE: With a fringe of hairs on the margin CLONE: A group of identical plants derived asexually from a single plant COMPOUND: Made up of several similar parts; a leaf made up of several LEAFLETS CONIFEROUS: Cone-bearing COPPICING: Cutting back a tree to a stump to encourage growth of slender sprouts which have traditionally been used in basket and fence making CORDATE: Heart-shaped at the base COROLLA: Usually the coloured part of a flower; the petals, especially when joined to make a tube CORYMB: Broad flat-topped inflorescence with stems of different lengths CRENATE: With shallow, rounded teeth CULTIVAR: A cultivated plant distinct from others in any of its characteristics and which remains distinct when reproduced CUNEATE: Tapering into the stalk (of a leaf base) CUSPIDATE: Ending in a sharp point CYME: Inflorescence in which the terminal flower opens first DECIDUOUS: A tree which sheds all its leaves annually ENTIRE: Referring to leaf margins, means not toothed or lobed DIOECIOUS: With male and female flowers on separate petals EGLANDULAR: Without glands EMARGINATE: With a small indentation at the apex EPIPHYTE: Growing on the surface of a tree EVERGREEN: A tree which is in leaf throughout the year EXSERTED: Sticking out; usually of style or stamens from a tubular flower GLABROUS: Without hairs or glands GRAFT-HYBRID: See CHIMAERA HARDY: Able to withstand cold HERMAPHRODITE: Containing both sexes, ie functional OVARY and STAMENS HOSE-IN-HOSE: With one corolla inside another HUSK: The thin dry covering on some fruits and seeds HYBRID: A plant originating from the fertilization of one species by another HYPANTHIUM: The base of a flower to which the stamens, sepals and petals are attached INDUMENTUM: Hairs, glands or fine prickles INFLORESCENCE: The flowers and flower stalks, etc KERNEL: A seed within a hard shell or the edible part of a nut LAMELLATE: With thin plates LANCEOLATE: Shaped like a spearhead, widest below the middle LEAFLET: One of the divisions of a COMPOUND leaf LENTICEL: A warty or corky mark on the surface of branches or stems which provides a pore for air to reach the tissues beneath the bark layer LOBULATE: With irregular, rounded lobes MUCRONATE: With a short sharp point NATIVE: Not known to be introduced NUT: A hard dry fruit NUTLET: A small dry one-seeded fruit the stone of a fleshy one OBLANCEOLATE: Shaped like a spearhead, but widest above the middle OBOVATE: Shaped like an egg but, broadest above the middle OBTUSE: Blunt with an angle of more than 90° OPPOSITE: Of leaves; arising at the same point on either side of a stem or branch ORBICULAR: Almost round OVARY: The part of the flower which encloses the OVULES OVATE: Shaped like an egg but broadest below the middle, shaped like a spearhead OVULE: The female part which, on fertilization, forms the seed PALMATE: Having lobes or leaflets arising from one point in a hand shape PANICLE: A branched flowerhead PEDICEL: Stalk of a flower PEDUNCLE: Stalk of an inflorescence PETIOLE: Stalk of a leaf PHYLLODES: Leaf-like stalks PILOSE: With long, scattered hairs PINNAE: Leaflets of a pinnate leaf PINNATE: Referring to a COMPOUND leaf with 2 rows of LEAFLETS on either side of a central stem PINNATISECT: Deeply cut PISTIL: The female parts of a flower POLLEN: The fertilizing (male cells) powder formed in the ANTHERS PROCUMBENT: Creeping or sprawling on the ground PRUINOSE: With a greyish coating PUBESCENT: With a fine but not particularly dense coating of short hairs RACEME: An elongated inflorescence in which the stalked flowers open first at the base RECEPTACLE: The enlarged end of a stem which bears the parts of a flower. Also the fleshy part which encloses the ovaries in some types of plant RUGOSE: Rough with impressed veins SEMI-EVERGREEN: A tree which loses some of its leaves in autumn retaining some until new leaves form in the spring SEMI-ROTATE: Saucer-shaped, almost flat (of a flower) SERRULATE: With small, sharp teeth SESSILE: Without a stalk SHRUB: A woody plant, much branched and smaller than TREES (often taken as less than 4.5m / 15ft tall) SIMPLE: Not COMPOUND SPATHULATE: Widening to a rounded apex SPIKE: Inflorescence with unstalked flowers on an elongated axis STAMINOIDES: Stamens which do not contain pollen STELLATE: Star-shaped STIPULES: Leafy or scale-like outgrowth at the base of a leaf stalk STOLONIFEROUS: Producing underground shoots SUBSHRUB: A small shrub, woody only at the base SUBULATE: Needle-like SUCKER: A shoot arising from roots eventually forming a new plant TETRAPLOID: With four times the basic number of chromosomes TOMENTOSE: With numerous fine short hairs TREE: A large plant with a single woody trunk (Often taken as taller than 4.5 m (15 ft) WHORLS: Leaves or flowers arranged at the same level around the branch or stem |
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